Ibyuma bizunguruka (Icyuma kizunguruka)

Gutondekanya ukurikije inzira
Ibyuma bizunguruka bishyirwa mubikorwa bishyushye, byahimbwe kandi bikonje.Ibyuma bishyushye bizengurutse ni mm 5,5-250 z'ubunini.Muri byo: 5.5-25 mm ibyuma bito bizengurutse cyane cyane kugeza kumurongo ugororotse mubice byinshi byo gutanga, bikunze gukoreshwa mugushimangira utubari, bolts nibice bitandukanye bya mashini;Ibyuma bizunguruka birenze mm 25, bikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice byimashini, fagitire yicyuma idafite icyuma, nibindi.
Bishyizwe mubikorwa byimiti
Ibyuma bya karubone birashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bike bya karubone, ibyuma bya karubone yo hagati hamwe nicyuma kinini cya karubone ukurikije imiterere yacyo (ni ukuvuga ibirimo karubone).
(1) Icyuma cyoroheje
Bizwi kandi nk'ibyuma byoroheje, ibirimo karubone kuva 0,10% kugeza 0.30% Ibyuma bya karubone bito biroroshye kwemera gutunganywa bitandukanye nko guhimba, gusudira no gukata, akenshi bikoreshwa mugukora iminyururu, imirongo, imigozi, ibiti, nibindi.
(2) Icyuma giciriritse
Ibirimo bya karubone 0,25% ~ 0,60% ibyuma bya karubone.Hano hari ibyuma byogosha, ibyuma bikurura igice, ibyuma bitetse nibindi bicuruzwa.Usibye karubone, irimo na manganese nkeya (0,70% ~ 1,20%).Ukurikije ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa bigabanijwemo ibyuma bisanzwe byubaka karubone hamwe nicyuma cyiza cya karubone.Imikorere myiza yubushyuhe no kugabanya imikorere, imikorere mibi yo gusudira.Imbaraga nubukomezi biruta ibyuma bya karubone nkeya, ariko plastike nubukomezi biri munsi yicyuma gito cya karubone.Ibikoresho bishyushye kandi bikonje birashobora gukoreshwa bitabaye ibyo kuvura ubushyuhe cyangwa nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe.Icyuma giciriritse giciriritse nyuma yo kuzimya no gutwarwa bifite imiterere myiza yubukanishi.Gukomera cyane kugerwaho ni nka HRC55 (HB538), σb ni 600 ~ 1100MPa.Mu rwego rwo hagati rero rwimbaraga zikoreshwa zitandukanye, ibyuma bya karubone yo hagati nibyo bikoreshwa cyane, usibye nkibikoresho byubaka, ariko kandi numubare munini wakoreshejwe mugukora ibice bitandukanye byubukanishi.
(3) Ibyuma byinshi bya karubone
Akenshi bita ibyuma, ibikoresho bya karubone biva kuri 0,60% kugeza kuri 1.70% kandi birashobora gukomera no gutwarwa.Inyundo n'ibikona bikozwe mu byuma birimo karubone ya 0,75%.Ibikoresho byo gutema nka drill, kanda, reamer, nibindi bikozwe mubyuma birimo karubone ya 0,90% kugeza 1.00%.

Gutondekanya ukurikije ubwiza bwibyuma
Ukurikije ubwiza bwibyuma birashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone nicyuma cyiza cya karubone.
.Mu Bushinwa no mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, igabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu ukurikije ibisabwa kugira ngo itangwe neza: Icyiciro cya A Icyuma ni ibyuma bifite ibikoresho byemewe.Ibyuma B byo mu rwego rwa B (ibyuma byo mu rwego rwa B) ni ibyuma bifite imiti yemewe.Ibyuma bidasanzwe (Icyiciro cya C ibyuma) nicyuma cyemeza imiterere yubukanishi hamwe nibigize imiti, kandi akenshi bikoreshwa mugukora ibice byingenzi byubatswe.Ubushinwa butanga kandi bugakoresha ibyuma byinshi A3 (Icyiciro A No.3 ibyuma) bifite karubone igera kuri 0,20%, ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi.
Ibyuma bya karubone bimwe na bimwe byongeramo aluminium cyangwa niobium (cyangwa ibindi bintu bigize karbide) kugirango bibe nitride cyangwa karbide, kugirango bigabanye gukura kwimbuto, gushimangira ibyuma, kubika ibyuma.Mu Bushinwa no mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa byihariye by’ibyuma byabigize umwuga, imiterere y’imiti n’imiterere y’ibyuma bisanzwe byubatswe bya karubone byahinduwe, bityo biteza imbere urukurikirane rw’ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu mwuga (nk'ikiraro, ubwubatsi, rebar, ibyuma byumuvuduko wicyuma, nibindi).
.Ukurikije ibirimo bya karubone no gukoresha ibintu bitandukanye, ubu bwoko bwibyuma bugabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu:
① munsi ya 0,25% C ni ibyuma bya karubone nkeya, cyane cyane hamwe na karubone iri munsi ya 0,10% ya 08F, 08Al, kubera gushushanya kwimbitse kwimbitse no gusudira kandi ikoreshwa cyane nkibice bishushanya byimbitse nk'imodoka, amabati ..... Ibindi 20G nibikoresho byingenzi kubitetse bisanzwe.Byongeye kandi, ibyuma byoroheje nabyo bikoreshwa cyane nka carburizing ibyuma, bikoreshwa mugukora imashini.
②0.25 ~ 0,60% C nicyuma giciriritse giciriritse, gikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo gushyuha, gukora ibice mubikorwa byimashini.
(3) Hejuru ya 0,6% C nicyuma kinini cya karubone, gikoreshwa cyane mugukora amasoko, ibikoresho, imizingo, nibindi.
Ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bya manganese, birashobora kugabanywamo ibisanzwe bya manganese (0.25 ~ 0.8%) hamwe na manganese nyinshi (0.7 ~ 1.0% na 0.9 ~ 1.2%) itsinda ryibyuma.Manganese irashobora kunoza ubukana bwibyuma, gushimangira ferrite, kunoza umusaruro, imbaraga zingana no kwambara ibyuma.Mubisanzwe, "Mn" yongeweho nyuma yicyiciro cyibyuma birimo manganese nyinshi, nka 15Mn na 20Mn, kugirango bitandukane nicyuma cya karubone kirimo ibisanzwe bya manganese.